Publications
- C. L. Jermain, S. V. Aradhya, N. D. Reynolds, R. A. Buhrman, J. T. Brangham, M. R. Page, P. C. Hammel, F. Y. Yang, and D. C. Ralph, Increased low-temperature damping in yttrium iron garnet thin films, Physical Review B 95, 054450 (2017).
- D. MacNeill, G. M. Stiehl, M. H. D. Guimaraes, R. A. Buhrman, J. Park, and D. C. Ralph, Control of spin-orbit torques through crystal symmetry in WTe2/ferromagnet bilayers, Nature Physics 13, 300 (2017).
- D. MacNeill, G. M. Stiehl, M. H. D. Guimaraes, N. D. Reynolds, R. A. Buhrman, and D. C. Ralph, Thickness dependence of spin-orbit torques generated by WTe2, Physical Review B 96 (2017).
- Y. X. Ou, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, Strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy density at Fe alloy/HfO2 interfaces, Applied Physics Letters 110, 192403 (2017), 10.1063/1.4983170.
- N. Reynolds, P. Jadaun, J. T. Heron, C. L. Jermain, J. Gibbons, R. Collette, R. A. Buhrman, D. G. Schlom, and D. C. Ralph, Spin Hall torques generated by rare-earth thin films, Physical Review B 95, 064412 (2017).
- G. E. Rowlands, S. V. Aradhya, S. Shi, E. H. Yandel, J. Oh, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, Nanosecond magnetization dynamics during spin Hall switching of in-plane magnetic tunnel junctions, Applied Physics Letters 110, 122401 (2017).
- K. An, X. Ma, C. F. Pai, J. S. Yang, K. S. Olsson, J. L. Erskine, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, and X. Q. Li, “Current control of magnetic anisotropy via stress in a ferromagnetic metal waveguide,” Physical Review B 93, 140404 (2016).
- S. V. Aradhya, G. E. Rowlands, J. Oh, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Nanosecond-Timescale Low Energy Switching of In-Plane Magnetic Tunnel Junctions through Dynamic Oersted-Field-Assisted Spin Hall Effect,” Nano Letters 16, 5987 (2016).
- P. G. Gowtham, G. M. Stiehl, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Thickness-dependent magnetoelasticity and its effects on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Ta/CoFeB/MgO thin films,” Physical Review B 93, 024404 (2016).
- C. L. Jermain, H. Paik, S. V. Aradhya, R. A. Buhrman, D. G. Schlom, and D. C. Ralph, “Low-damping sub-10-nm thin films of lutetium iron garnet grown by molecular-beam epitaxy,” Applied Physics Letters 109, 192408, (2016).
- C. L. Jermain, G. E. Rowlands, R. A. Buhrman, and D. C. Ralph, “GPU-accelerated micromagnetic simulations using cloud computing,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 401, 320 (2016).
- M. Kazemi, G. E. Rowlands, E. Ipek, R. A. Buhrman, and E. G. Friedman, “Compact Model for Spin-Orbit Magnetic Tunnel Junctions,” IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 63, 848 (2016).
- M. Kazemi, G. E. Rowlands, S. J. Shi, R. A. Buhrman, and E. G. Friedman, “All-Spin-Orbit Switching of Perpendicular Magnetization,” IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 63, 4499 (2016).
- M. H. Nguyen, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Spin Torque Study of the Spin Hall Conductivity and Spin Diffusion Length in Platinum Thin Films with Varying Resistivity,” Physical Review Letters 116, 126601, (2016).
- M. H. Nguyen, M. N. Zhao, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Enhanced spin Hall torque efficiency in Pt100-xAlx and Pt100-xHfx alloys arising from the intrinsic spin Hall effect,” Applied Physics Letters 108, 242407, (2016).
- Y. X. Ou, C. F. Pai, S. J. Shi, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Origin of field-like spin-orbit torques in heavy metal/ferromagnet/oxide thin film heterostructures,” Physical Review B 94, 140414, (2016).
- Y. X. Ou, S. J. Shi, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, “Strong spin Hall effect in the antiferromagnet PtMn,” Physical Review B 93, 220405 (2016).
- P. G. Gowtham, T. Moriyama, D. C. Ralph, & R. A. Buhrman, R. A. Traveling surface spin wave resonance spectroscopy using surface acoustic waves, Journal of Applied Physics 118, 233910, (2015).
- P. G. Gowtham, G. E. Rowlands, & R. A. Buhrman, A critical analysis of the feasibility of pure strain actuated giant magnetostrictive nanoscale memories, Journal of Applied Physics 118, 183903, (2015).
- P. G. Gowtham, G. M. Stiehl, G. M., D. C. Ralph, & R. A. Buhrman, R. A. Thickness dependent magnetoelasticity and its effects on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Ta/CoFeB/MgO thin films, Physical Review B 93, (2016).
- C. L. Jermain, G. E. Rowlands, R. A. Buhrman, & D. C. Ralph, GPU accelerated micromagnetic simulations using cloud computing, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 401, 320322, (2016).
- M. Kazemi, G. E. Rowlands, E. Ipek, R. A. Buhrman, & E. G. Friedman, Compact Model for Spin Orbit Magnetic Tunnel Junctions, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 63, 848855, (2016).
- Minh-Hai Nguyen, Chi-Feng Pai , Kayla X. Nguyen , David A. Muller, D. C. Ralph, and R. A. Buhrman, Enhancement of the antidamping spin torque efficacy of platinum by interface modification, Applied Physics Letters 106, 222402, (2015).
- C. F. Pai, Y. Ou, L. H. Vilela Leao, D. C. Ralph, & R. A. Buhrman, Dependence of the efficiency of spin Hall torque on the transparency of Pt/ferromagnetic layer interfaces, Physical Review B 92, (2015).
- J. Park, G. E. Rowlands, O. J. Lee, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Macrospin modeling of sub-ns pulse switching of perpendicularly magnetized free layer via spin-orbit torques for cryogenic memory applications. Appl Phys Lett 105, (Sep 8, 2014).
- C. F. Pai, M. H. Nguyen, C. Belvin, L. H. Vilela-Leao, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and transmission of spin-Hall-effect-induced spin currents by a Hf spacer layer in W/Hf/CoFeB/MgO layer structures. Appl Phys Lett 104, (Feb 24, 2014).
- O. J. Lee, L. Q. Liu, C. F. Pai, Y. Li, H. W. Tseng, P. G. Gowtham, J. P. Park, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Central role of domain wall depinning for perpendicular magnetization switching driven by spin torque from the spin Hall effect. Phys Rev B 89, 024418 (Jan 28, 2014).
- K. An, D. R. Birt, C. F. Pai, K. Olsson, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, X. Q. Li, Control of propagating spin waves via spin transfer torque in a metallic bilayer waveguide. Phys Rev B 89, (Apr 16, 2014).
- O. J. Lee, P. M. Braganca, V. S. Pribiag, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Quasilinear spin-torque nano-oscillator via enhanced negative feedback of power fluctuations. Phys Rev B 88, 224411 (Dec 11, 2013).
- P. M. Braganca, O. J. Lee, O. Ozatay, L. Liu, G. Finocchio, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Coherent and incoherent spin torque oscillations in a nanopillar magnetic spin-valve. Appl Phys Lett 102, 252402 (Jun 24, 2013).
- L. Xue, C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, L. Q. Liu, A. Swander, J. Z. Sun, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Resonance Measurement of Nonlocal Spin Torque in a Three-Terminal Magnetic Device. Phys Rev Lett 108, 147201 (Apr 3, 2012).
- L. Xue, C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Network analyzer measurements of spin transfer torques in magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 101, 022417 (Jul 9, 2012).
- J. T. Shaw, H. W. Tseng, S. Rajwade, L. T. Tung, R. A. Buhrman, E. C. Kan, Interface and oxide quality of CoFeB/MgO/Si tunnel junctions. J Appl Phys 111, 093908 (May 1, 2012).
- C. F. Pai, L. Q. Liu, Y. Li, H. W. Tseng, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin transfer torque devices utilizing the giant spin Hall effect of tungsten. Appl Phys Lett 101, 122404 (Sep 17, 2012).
- T. Moriyama, G. Finocchio, M. Carpentieri, B. Azzerboni, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Phase locking and frequency doubling in spin-transfer-torque oscillators with two coupled free layers. Phys Rev B 86, 060411 (Aug 27, 2012).
- L. Q. Liu, C. F. Pai, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Magnetic Oscillations Driven by the Spin Hall Effect in 3-Terminal Magnetic Tunnel Junction Devices. Phys Rev Lett 109, 186602 (Oct 31, 2012).
- L. Q. Liu, C. F. Pai, Y. Li, H. W. Tseng, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-Torque Switching with the Giant Spin Hall Effect of Tantalum. Science 336, 555 (May 4, 2012).
- L. Q. Liu, O. J. Lee, T. J. Gudmundsen, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Current-Induced Switching of Perpendicularly Magnetized Magnetic Layers Using Spin Torque from the Spin Hall Effect. Phys Rev Lett 109, 096602 (Aug 29, 2012).
- X. W. Yu, V. S. Pribiag, Y. Acremann, A. A. Tulapurkar, T. Tyliszczak, K. W. Chou, B. Brauer, Z. P. Li, O. J. Lee, P. G. Gowtham, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, J. Stohr, Images of a Spin-Torque-Driven Magnetic Nano-Oscillator. Phys Rev Lett 106, 167202 (Apr 21, 2011).
- L. Xue, C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Conditions for microwave amplification due to spin-torque dynamics in magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 99, 022505 (Jul 11, 2011).
- C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Time-resolved measurement of spin-transfer-driven ferromagnetic resonance and spin torque in magnetic tunnel junctions. Nat Phys 7, 496 (Jun, 2011).
- D. C. Ralph, Y. T. Cui, L. Q. Liu, T. Moriyama, C. Wang, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-transfer torque in nanoscale magnetic devices. Philos T R Soc A 369, 3617 (Sep 28, 2011).
- L. Q. Liu, T. Moriyama, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-Torque Ferromagnetic Resonance Induced by the Spin Hall Effect. Phys Rev Lett 106, 036601 (Jan 20, 2011).
- O. J. Lee, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-torque-driven ballistic precessional switching with 50 ps impulses. Appl Phys Lett 99, 102507 (Sep 5, 2011).
- T. Moriyama, T. J. Gudmundsen, P. Y. Huang, L. Q. Liu, D. A. Muller, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Tunnel magnetoresistance and spin torque switching in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions with a Co/Ni multilayer electrode. Appl Phys Lett 97, 072513 (Aug 16, 2010).
- G. Finocchio, V. S. Pribiag, L. Torres, R. A. Buhrman, B. Azzerboni, Spin-torque driven magnetic vortex self-oscillations in perpendicular magnetic fields. Appl Phys Lett 96, 102508 (Mar 8, 2010).
- Y. T. Cui, G. Finocchio, C. Wang, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Single-Shot Time-Domain Studies of Spin-Torque-Driven Switching in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions. Phys Rev Lett 104, 097201 (Mar 5, 2010).
- C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, J. Z. Sun, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Sensitivity of spin-torque diodes for frequency-tunable resonant microwave detection. J Appl Phys 106, 053905 (Sep 1, 2009).
- C. Wang, Y. T. Cui, J. Z. Sun, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Bias and angular dependence of spin-transfer torque in magnetic tunnel junctions. Phys Rev B 79, 224416 (Jun, 2009).
- J. C. Read, J. J. Cha, W. F. Egelhoff, H. W. Tseng, P. Y. Huang, Y. Li, D. A. Muller, R. A. Buhrman, High magnetoresistance tunnel junctions with Mg-B-O barriers and Ni-Fe-B free electrodes. Appl Phys Lett 94, 112504 (Mar 16, 2009).
- V. S. Pribiag, G. Finocchio, B. J. Williams, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Long-timescale fluctuations in zero-field magnetic vortex oscillations driven by dc spin-polarized current. Phys Rev B 80, 180411 (Nov, 2009).
- L. Q. Liu, T. Moriyama, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Reduction of the spin-torque critical current by partially canceling the free layer demagnetization field. Appl Phys Lett 94, 122508 (Mar 23, 2009).
- O. J. Lee, V. S. Pribiag, P. M. Braganca, P. G. Gowtham, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Ultrafast switching of a nanomagnet by a combined out-of-plane and in-plane polarized spin current pulse. Appl Phys Lett 95, 012506 (Jul 6, 2009).
- J. J. Cha, J. C. Read, W. F. Egelhoff, P. Y. Huang, H. W. Tseng, Y. Li, R. A. Buhrman, D. A. Muller, Atomic-scale spectroscopic imaging of CoFeB/Mg-B-O/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 95, 032506 (Jul 20, 2009).
- P. M. Braganca, J. A. Katine, N. C. Emley, D. Mauri, J. R. Childress, P. M. Rice, E. Delenia, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, A Three-Terminal Approach to Developing Spin-Torque Written Magnetic Random Access Memory Cells. IEEE T Nanotechnol 8, 190 (Mar, 2009).
- K. V. Thadani, G. Finocchio, Z. P. Li, O. Ozatay, J. C. Sankey, I. N. Krivorotov, Y. T. Cui, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Strong linewidth variation for spin-torque nano-oscillators as a function of in-plane magnetic field angle. Phys Rev B 78, 024409 (Jul, 2008).
- J. C. Sankey, Y. T. Cui, J. Z. Sun, J. C. Slonczewski, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Measurement of the spin-transfer-torque vector in magnetic tunnel junctions. Nat Phys 4, 67 (Jan, 2008).
- O. Ozatay, P. G. Gowtham, K. W. Tan, J. C. Read, K. A. Mkhoyan, M. G. Thomas, G. D. Fuchs, P. M. Braganca, E. M. Ryan, K. V. Thadani, J. Silcox, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Sidewall oxide effects on spin-torque- and magnetic-field-induced reversal characteristics of thin-film nanomagnets. Nat Mater 7, 567 (Jul, 2008).
- I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Time-domain studies of very-large-angle magnetization dynamics excited by spin transfer torques. Phys Rev B 77, 054440 (Feb, 2008).
- G. Finocchio, O. Ozatay, L. Torres, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, B. Azzerboni, Spin-torque-induced rotational dynamics of a magnetic vortex dipole. Phys Rev B 78, 174408 (Nov, 2008).
- Y. T. Cui, J. C. Sankey, C. Wang, K. V. Thadani, Z. P. Li, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Resonant spin-transfer-driven switching of magnetic devices assisted by microwave current pulses. Phys Rev B 77, (Jun, 2008).
- P. M. Braganca, O. Ozatay, A. G. F. Garcia, O. J. Lee, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Enhancement in spin-torque efficiency by nonuniform spin current generated within a tapered nanopillar spin valve. Phys Rev B 77, (Apr, 2008).
- J. C. Read, P. G. Mather, R. A. Buhrman, X-ray photoemission study of CoFeB/MgO thin film bilayers. Appl Phys Lett 90, 132503 (Mar 26, 2007).
- V. S. Pribiag, I. N. Krivorotov, G. D. Fuchs, P. M. Braganca, O. Ozatay, J. C. Sankey, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Magnetic vortex oscillator driven by d.c. spin-polarized current. Nat Phys 3, 498 (Jul, 2007).
- I. N. Krivorotov, D. V. Berkov, N. L. Gorn, N. C. Emley, C. Sankey, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Large-amplitude coherent spin waves excited by spin-polarized current in nanoscale spin valves. Phys Rev B 76, 024418 (Jul, 2007).
- G. D. Fuchs, J. C. Sankey, V. S. Pribiag, L. Qian, P. M. Braganca, A. G. F. Garcia, E. M. Ryan, Z. P. Li, O. Ozatay, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurements of damping in nanomagnets. Appl Phys Lett 91, 062507 (Aug 6, 2007).
- G. Finocchio, I. N. Krivorotov, L. Torres, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, B. Azzerboni, Magnetization reversal driven by spin-polarized current in exchange-biased nanoscale spin valves. Phys Rev B 76, 174408 (Nov, 2007).
- G. Finocchio, B. Azzerboni, G. D. Fuchs, R. A. Buhrman, L. Torres, Micromagnetic modeling of magnetization switching driven by spin-polarized current in magnetic tunnel junctions. J Appl Phys 101, (Mar 15, 2007).
- P. Chalsani, S. K. Upadhyay, O. Ozatay, R. A. Buhrman, Andreev reflection measurements of spin polarization. Phys Rev B 75, 094417 (Mar, 2007).
- J. J. Cha, J. C. Read, R. A. Buhrman, D. A. Muller, Spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy of electron-beam grown and sputtered CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 91, 062516 (Aug 6, 2007).
- J. C. Sankey, P. M. Braganca, A. G. F. Garcia, I. N. Krivorotov, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Spin-transfer-driven ferromagnetic resonance of individual nanomagnets. Phys Rev Lett 96, 227601 (Jun 9, 2006).
- O. Ozatay, K. A. Mkhoyan, M. G. Thomas, G. D. Fuchs, J. Silcox, R. A. Buhrman, Analytical electron microscopy study of growth mechanism for smoothing of metallic multilayer thin films. Appl Phys Lett 89, 162509 (Oct 16, 2006).
- O. Ozatay, N. C. Emley, P. M. Braganca, A. G. F. Garcia, G. D. Fuchs, I. N. Krivorotov, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Spin transfer by nonuniform current injection into a nanomagnet. Appl Phys Lett 88, 202502 (May 15, 2006).
- P. G. Mather, J. C. Read, R. A. Buhrman, Disorder, defects, and band gaps in ultrathin (001) MgO tunnel barrier layers. Phys Rev B 73, 205412 (May, 2006).
- G. D. Fuchs, J. A. Katine, S. I. Kiselev, D. Mauri, K. S. Wooley, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Spin torque, tunnel-current spin polarization, and magnetoresistance in MgO magnetic tunnel junctions. Phys Rev Lett 96, 186603 (May 12, 2006).
- N. C. Emley, I. N. Krivorotov, O. Ozatay, A. G. F. Garcia, J. C. Sankey, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Time-resolved spin-torque switching and enhanced damping in Permalloy/Cu/Permalloy spin-valve nanopillars. Phys Rev Lett 96, 247204 (Jun 23, 2006).
- E. Tan, P. G. Mather, A. C. Perrella, J. C. Read, R. A. Buhrman, Oxygen stoichiometry and instability in aluminum oxide tunnel barrier layers. Phys Rev B 71, 161401 (Apr, 2005).
- J. C. Sankey, I. N. Krivorotov, S. I. Kiselev, P. M. Braganca, N. C. Emley, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Mechanisms limiting the coherence time of spontaneous magnetic oscillations driven by dc spin-polarized currents. Phys Rev B 72, 224427 (Dec, 2005).
- A. C. Perrella, P. G. Mather, R. A. Buhrman, Loss of polarization in a hot-electron current through electron-electron scattering. J Appl Phys 98, 093713 (Nov 1, 2005).
- P. G. Mather, A. C. Perrella, E. Tan, J. C. Read, R. A. Buhrman, Tunneling spectroscopy studies of treated aluminum oxide tunnel barrier layers. Appl Phys Lett 86, 242504 (Jun 13, 2005).
- I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, J. C. Sankey, S. I. Kiselev, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Time-domain measurements of nanomagnet dynamics driven by spin-transfer torques. Science 307, 228 (Jan 14, 2005).
- S. I. Kiselev, J. C. Sankey, I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, A. G. F. Garcia, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Spin-transfer excitations of permalloy nanopillars for large applied currents. Phys Rev B 72, 064430 (Aug, 2005).
- G. D. Fuchs, I. N. Krivorotov, P. M. Braganca, N. C. Emley, A. G. F. Garcia, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Adjustable spin torque in magnetic tunnel junctions with two fixed layers. Appl Phys Lett 86, 152509 (Apr 11, 2005).
- P. M. Braganca, I. N. Krivorotov, O. Ozatay, A. G. F. Garcia, N. C. Emley, J. C. Sankey, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Reducing the critical current for short-pulse spin-transfer switching of nanomagnets. Appl Phys Lett 87, 112507 (Sep 12, 2005).
- O. Ozatay, P. Chalsani, N. C. Emley, I. N. Krivorotov, R. A. Buhrman, Magnetoresistance and magnetostriction effects in ballistic ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions. J Appl Phys 95, 7315 (Jun 1, 2004).
- I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, A. G. F. Garcia, J. C. Sankey, S. I. Kiselev, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Temperature dependence of spin-transfer-induced switching of nanomagnets. Phys Rev Lett 93, 166603 (Oct 15, 2004).
- S. I. Kiselev, J. C. Sankey, I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, M. Rinkoski, C. Perez, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Current-induced nanomagnet dynamics for magnetic fields perpendicular to the sample plane. Phys Rev Lett 93, 036601 (Jul 16, 2004).
- G. D. Fuchs, N. C. Emley, I. N. Krivorotov, P. M. Braganca, E. M. Ryan, S. I. Kiselev, J. C. Sankey, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, J. A. Katine, Spin-transfer effects in nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 85, 1205 (Aug 16, 2004).
- N. C. Emley, F. J. Albert, E. M. Ryan, I. N. Krivorotov, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, J. M. Daughton, A. Jander, Reduction of spin transfer by synthetic antiferromagnets. Appl Phys Lett 84, 4257 (May 24, 2004).
- S. I. Kiselev, J. C. Sankey, I. N. Krivorotov, N. C. Emley, R. J. Schoelkopf, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Microwave oscillations of a nanomagnet driven by a spin-polarized current. Nature 425, 380 (Sep 25, 2003).
- W. H. Rippard, A. C. Perrella, F. J. Albert, R. A. Buhrman, Ultrathin aluminum oxide tunnel barriers. Phys Rev Lett 88, 046805 (Jan 28, 2002).
- A. C. Perrella, W. H. Rippard, P. G. Mather, M. J. Plisch, R. A. Buhrman, Scanning tunneling spectroscopy and ballistic electron emission microscopy studies of aluminum-oxide surfaces. Phys Rev B 65, 201403 (May 15, 2002).
- E. B. Myers, F. J. Albert, J. C. Sankey, E. Bonet, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Thermally activated magnetic reversal induced by a spin-polarized current. Phys Rev Lett 89, 196801 (Nov 4, 2002).
- W. F. Egelhoff, M. D. Stiles, D. P. Pappas, D. T. Pierce, J. M. Byers, M. B. Johnson, B. T. Jonker, S. F. Alvarado, J. F. Gregg, J. A. C. Bland, R. A. Buhrman, Spin polarization of injected electrons. Science 296, (May 17, 2002).
- F. J. Albert, N. C. Emley, E. B. Myers, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Quantitative study of magnetization reversal by spin-polarized current in magnetic multilayer nanopillars. Phys Rev Lett 89, 226802 (Nov 25, 2002).
- S. A. Wolf, D. D. Awschalom, R. A. Buhrman, J. M. Daughton, S. von Molnar, M. L. Roukes, A. Y. Chtchelkanova, D. M. Treger, Spintronics: A spin-based electronics vision for the future. Science 294, 1488 (Nov 16, 2001).
- W. H. Rippard, A. C. Perrella, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic current transport studies of ferromagnetic multilayer films and tunnel junctions (invited). J Appl Phys 89, 6642 (Jun 1, 2001).
- W. H. Rippard, A. C. Perrella, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic electron microscopy study of ultrathin oxidized aluminum barriers for magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett 78, 1601 (Mar 12, 2001).
- M. J. Plisch, J. L. Chang, J. Silcox, R. A. Buhrman, Atomic-scale characterization of a Co/AlOx/Co magnetic tunnel junction by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Appl Phys Lett 79, 391 (Jul 16, 2001).
- M. K. Weilmeier, W. H. Rippard, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic-electron-emission microscopy of conduction-electron surface states. Phys Rev B 61, 7161 (Mar 15, 2000).
- W. H. Rippard, A. C. Perrella, P. Chalsani, F. J. Albert, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, Observation of magnetization reversal of thin-film permalloy nanostructures using ballistic electron magnetic microscopy. Appl Phys Lett 77, 1357 (Aug 28, 2000).
- W. H. Rippard, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic electron magnetic microscopy studies of magnetization reversal in Co/Cu/Co trilayer films. J Appl Phys 87, 6490 (May 1, 2000).
- W. H. Rippard, R. A. Buhrman, Spin-dependent hot electron transport in Co/Cu thin films. Phys Rev Lett 84, 971 (Jan 31, 2000).
- E. B. Myers, D. C. Ralph, J. A. Katine, F. J. Albert, R. A. Buhrman, Point-contact studies of current-controlled domain switching in magnetic multilayers. J Appl Phys 87, 5502 (May 1, 2000).
- J. A. Katine, F. J. Albert, R. A. Buhrman, E. B. Myers, D. C. Ralph, Current-driven magnetization reversal and spin-wave excitations in Co/Cu/Co pillars. Phys Rev Lett 84, 3149 (Apr 3, 2000).
- J. A. Katine, F. J. Albert, R. A. Buhrman, Current-induced realignment of magnetic domains in nanostructured Cu/Co multilayer pillars. Appl Phys Lett 76, 354 (Jan 17, 2000).
- F. J. Albert, J. A. Katine, R. A. Buhrman, D. C. Ralph, Spin-polarized current switching of a Co thin film nanomagnet. Appl Phys Lett 77, 3809 (Dec 4, 2000).
- M. K. Weilmeier, W. H. Rippard, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic electron transport through Au(111)/Si(111) and Au(111)/Si(100) interfaces. Phys Rev B 59, R2521 (Jan 15, 1999).
- S. K. Upadhyay, R. N. Louie, R. A. Buhrman, Spin filtering by ultrathin ferromagnetic films. Appl Phys Lett 74, 3881 (Jun 21, 1999).
- J. P. Sydow, R. A. Buhrman, Effect of ozone anneals on YBa2Cu3-xCoxOz thin films. Ieee T Appl Supercon 9, 1994 (Jun, 1999).
- J. P. Sydow, M. Berninger, R. A. Buhrman, B. H. Moeckly, On the characteristic voltage of highly oxygenated YBCO grain boundary junctions. Supercond Sci Tech 12, 723 (Nov, 1999).
- J. P. Sydow, M. Berninger, R. A. Buhrman, B. H. Moeckly, Effects of oxygen content on YBCO Josephson junction structures. Ieee T Appl Supercon 9, 2993 (Jun, 1999).
- W. H. Rippard, R. A. Buhrman, Ballistic electron magnetic microscopy: Imaging magnetic domains with nanometer resolution. Appl Phys Lett 75, 1001 (Aug 16, 1999).
- E. B. Myers, D. C. Ralph, J. A. Katine, R. N. Louie, R. A. Buhrman, Current-induced switching of domains in magnetic multilayer devices. Science 285, 867 (Aug 6, 1999).
- J. L. Lee, C. A. Weiss, R. A. Buhrman, J. Silcox, Scanning transmission electron microscopy studies of the microstructure and chemistry of the YBa2Cu3O7-delta/BaF2 interface. Micron 30, 437 (Oct, 1999).
- J. A. Katine, A. Palanisami, R. A. Buhrman, Width dependence of giant magnetoresistance in Cu/Co multilayer nanowires. Appl Phys Lett 74, 1883 (Mar 29, 1999).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, Phosphorus diffusion in silicon oxide and oxynitride gate dielectrics. Electrochem Solid St 2, 516 (Oct, 1999).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, Nitrous oxide (N2O) processing for silicon oxynitride gate dielectrics. Ibm J Res Dev 43, 287 (May, 1999).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, Time-dependent diffusivity of boron in silicon oxide and oxynitride. Appl Phys Lett 74, 967 (Feb 15, 1999).
- J. von Delft, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, S. K. Upadhyay, R. N. Louie, A. W. W. Ludwig, V. Ambegaokar, The 2-channel Kondo model I. Review of experimental evidence for its realization in metal nanoconstrictions. Ann Phys-New York 263, 1 (Feb 10, 1998).
- S. K. Upadhyay, A. Palanisami, R. N. Louie, R. A. Buhrman, Probing ferromagnets with Andreev reflection. Phys Rev Lett 81, 3247 (Oct 12, 1998).
- J. P. Sydow, D. Chamberlain, F. Ronnig, Y. Xu, R. A. Buhrman, Optimal oxygenation of YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25Oz thin films. Physica C 299, 147 (Apr 10, 1998).
- J. P. Sydow, D. Chamberlain, R. A. Buhrman, K. Char, B. H. Moeckly, Electromigration study of SNS ramp edge Josephson junctions. Appl Supercond 6, 511 (Oct-Dec, 1998).
- J. P. Sydow, R. A. Buhrman, B. H. Moeckly, Basal plane oxygen vapor pressure of Co-doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta. Appl Phys Lett 72, 3512 (Jun 29, 1998).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, Boron diffusion in silicon oxides and oxynitrides. J Electrochem Soc 145, 2068 (Jun, 1998).
- S. K. Upadhyay, R. N. Louie, R. A. Buhrman, Low-energy restoration of Fermi-liquid behavior for two-channel Kondo scattering. Phys Rev B 56, 12033 (Nov 15, 1997).
- J. P. Sydow, D. Chamberlain, F. Ronnig, Y. Xu, R. A. Buhrman, Growth and properties of YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25O7-delta thin films. Ieee T Appl Supercon 7, 2138 (Jun, 1997).
- D. Chamberlain, J. P. Sydow, R. A. Buhrman, B. H. Moeckly, K. Char, Micro-Raman spectroscopy studies of Co doped Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films. Ieee T Appl Supercon 7, 3658 (Jun, 1997).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, The removal of nitrogen during boron indiffusion in silicon gate oxynitrides. Appl Phys Lett 69, 535 (Jul 22, 1996).
- K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, Furnace gas-phase chemistry of silicon oxynitridation in N2O. Appl Phys Lett 68, 1696 (Mar 18, 1996).
- D. C. Ralph, A. W. W. Ludwig, J. Vondelft, R. A. Buhrman, 2-Channel Kondo Scaling in Conductance Signals from 2-Level Tunneling Systems – Reply (Vol 75, Pg 770, 1995). Phys Rev Lett 75, 2786 (Oct 2, 1995).
- D. C. Ralph, A. W. W. Ludwig, J. Vondelft, R. A. Buhrman, 2-Channel Kondo Scaling in Conductance Signals from 2-Level Tunneling Systems – Reply. Phys Rev Lett 75, 770 (Jul 24, 1995).
- D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Kondo Scattering from Atomic 2-Level Tunneling Systems in Metals – Enhanced Conductance, Critical-Bias Transitions, and the Non-Fermi-Liquid Electronic-State. Phys Rev B 51, 3554 (Feb 1, 1995).
- B. H. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, Electromagnetic Properties of YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Thin-Film Grain-Boundary Weak Links. IEEE T Appl Supercon 5, 3414 (Jun, 1995).
- E. C. Carr, K. A. Ellis, R. A. Buhrman, N-Depth Profiles in Thin Sio2 Grown or Processed in N2o – the Role of Atomic Oxygen. Appl Phys Lett 66, 1492 (Mar 20, 1995).
- S. Scouten, Y. Z. Xu, B. H. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, Low-Frequency Noise in the Normal-State of Thin-Film High-Temperature Superconductors. Phys Rev B 50, 16121 (Dec 1, 1994).
- D. C. Ralph, A. W. W. Ludwig, J. Vondelft, R. A. Buhrman, 2-Channel Kondo Scaling in Conductance Signals from 2-Level Tunneling Systems. Phys Rev Lett 72, 1064 (Feb 14, 1994).
- D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Kondo-Assisted and Resonant-Tunneling Via a Single Charge Trap – a Realization of the Anderson Model out of Equilibrium. Phys Rev Lett 72, 3401 (May 23, 1994).
- D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Effects of Electron Heating on Conductance Fluctuations in Mesoscopic Wires. Phys Rev B 49, 2257 (Jan 15, 1994).
- B. H. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, P. E. Sulewski, Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Electromigration-Induced Oxygen Vacancy Aggregation in YBa2Cu3O7-Delta. Appl Phys Lett 64, 1427 (Mar 14, 1994).
- B. H. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, Josephson Properties of Basal-Plane-Faced Tilt Boundaries in Yba2cu3o7-Delta Thin-Films. Appl Phys Lett 65, 3126 (Dec 12, 1994).
- D. C. Ralph, K. S. Ralls, R. A. Buhrman, Ensemble Studies of Nonlinear Conductance Fluctuations in Phase Coherent Samples. Phys Rev Lett 70, 986 (Feb 15, 1993).
- K. S. Ralls, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Impact of a Single Defect on the Conductance – Local Interference and Universal Conductance Fluctuations. Phys Rev B 47, 10509 (Apr 15, 1993).
- B. H. Moeckly, D. K. Lathrop, R. A. Buhrman, Electromigration Study of Oxygen Disorder and Grain-Boundary Effects in YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Thin-Films. Phys Rev B 47, 400 (Jan 1, 1993).
- E. C. Carr, R. A. Buhrman, Role of Interfacial Nitrogen in Improving Thin Silicon-Oxides Grown in N2o. Appl Phys Lett 63, 54 (Jul 5, 1993).
- D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Observations of Kondo Scattering without Magnetic-Impurities – a Point Contact Study of 2-Level Tunneling Systems in Metals. Phys Rev Lett 69, 2118 (Oct 5, 1992).
- H. D. Hallen, T. Huang, A. Fernandez, J. Silcox, R. A. Buhrman, Hot-Electron Interactions at the Passivated Gold-Silicon Interface. Phys Rev Lett 69, 2931 (Nov 16, 1992).
- H. D. Hallen, A. Fernandez, T. Huang, J. Silcox, R. A. Buhrman, Scattering and Spectral Shape in Ballistic-Electron-Emission Microscopy of Nisi2-Si(111) and Au-Si Samples. Phys Rev B 46, 7256 (Sep 15, 1992).
- K. S. Ralls, R. A. Buhrman, Microscopic Study of 1/F Noise in Metal Nanobridges. Phys Rev B 44, 5800 (Sep 15, 1991).
- L. Pesenson, R. P. Robertazzi, R. A. Buhrman, S. R. Cypher, B. D. Hunt, Interacting and Self-Organized 2-Level States in Tunnel Barriers. Phys Rev Lett 67, 2866 (Nov 11, 1991).
- M. G. Norton, B. H. Moeckly, C. B. Carter, R. A. Buhrman, Growth-Mechanism of Yba2cu3o7-Delta Thin-Films on Vicinal Mgo. J Cryst Growth 114, 258 (Oct, 1991).
- B. H. Moeckly, D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, M. G. Norton, C. B. Carter, Growth and Properties of YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Films on Non-Lattice-Matched and Polycrystalline Substrates. Ieee T Magn 27, 1017 (Mar, 1991).
- D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, B. H. Moeckly, D. Chamberlain, L. Pesenson, R. A. Buhrman, D. H. Shin, J. Silcox, Josephson-Like Properties of YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Film Weak Links. Ieee T Magn 27, 3203 (Mar, 1991).
- D. K. Lathrop, B. H. Moeckly, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, Transport-Properties of High-Angle Grain-Boundary Weak Links in YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Films. Appl Phys Lett 58, 1095 (Mar 11, 1991).
- H. D. Hallen, A. Fernandez, T. Huang, R. A. Buhrman, J. Silcox, Gold Silicon Interface Modification Studies. J Vac Sci Technol B 9, 585 (Mar-Apr, 1991).
- A. Fernandez, H. D. Hallen, T. Huang, R. A. Buhrman, J. Silcox, Elastic-Scattering in Ballistic-Electron-Emission-Microscopy Studies of the Epitaxial Nisi2/Si(111) Interface. Phys Rev B 44, 3428 (Aug 15, 1991).
- A. Fernandez, H. D. Hallen, T. Huang, R. A. Buhrman, J. Silcox, Ballistic Electron-Emission Microscopy Studies of the Nisi2 Si(111) Interface. J Vac Sci Technol B 9, 590 (Mar-Apr, 1991).
- D. H. Shin, J. Silcox, S. E. Russek, D. K. Lathrop, B. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, Clean Grain-Boundaries and Weak Links in High-Tc Superconducting Yba2cu3o7-X Thin-Films. Appl Phys Lett 57, 508 (Jul 30, 1990).
- S. E. Russek, D. K. Lathrop, B. H. Moeckly, R. A. Buhrman, D. H. Shin, J. Silcox, Scaling Behavior of YBa2Cu3O7-Delta Thin-Film Weak Links. Appl Phys Lett 57, 1155 (Sep 10, 1990).
- B. H. Moeckly, S. E. Russek, D. K. Lathrop, R. A. Buhrman, M. G. Norton, C. B. Carter, Growth and Properties of YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Films on Vicinal and Polycrystalline Mgo Substrates. Appl Phys Lett 57, 2951 (Dec 31, 1990).
- B. H. Moeckly, S. E. Russek, D. K. Lathrop, R. A. Buhrman, J. Li, J. W. Mayer, Growth of YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Films on Mgo – the Effect of Substrate Preparation. Appl Phys Lett 57, 1687 (Oct 15, 1990).
- A. Fernandez, H. D. Hallen, T. Huang, R. A. Buhrman, J. Silcox, Ballistic Electron Studies and Modification of the Au/Si Interface. Appl Phys Lett 57, 2826 (Dec 24, 1990).
- L. A. Tietz, C. B. Carter, D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, J. R. Michael, Crystallography of Yba2cu3o6+X Thin-Film Substrate Interfaces. J Mater Res 4, 1072 (Sep-Oct, 1989).
- K. Tanabe, D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, Epitaxial Y-Ba-Cu-O Thin-Films on Mgo Deposited by High-Pressure Reactive Magnetron Sputtering. J Appl Phys 66, 3148 (Oct 1, 1989).
- R. P. Robertazzi, R. A. Buhrman, Josephson Terahertz Local Oscillator. Ieee T Magn 25, 1384 (Mar, 1989).
- K. S. Ralls, D. C. Ralph, R. A. Buhrman, Individual-Defect Electromigration in Metal Nanobridges. Phys Rev B 40, 11561 (Dec 15, 1989).
- K. S. Ralls, R. A. Buhrman, R. C. Tiberio, Fabrication of Thin-Film Metal Nanobridges. Appl Phys Lett 55, 2459 (Dec 4, 1989).
- D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, K. Tanabe, R. A. Buhrman, YBa2Cu3O7 Thin-Films Grown by High-Pressure Reactive Evaporation and High-Pressure Reactive Sputtering. IEEE T Magn 25, 2218 (Mar, 1989).
- K. R. Farmer, R. A. Buhrman, Defect Dynamics and Wear-out in Thin Silicon-Oxides. Semicond Sci Tech 4, 1084 (Dec, 1989).
- L. A. Tietz, B. C. Decooman, C. B. Carter, D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, Structure of Superconducting Thin-Films of Yba2cu3o7-X Grown on Srtio3 and Cubic Zirconia. J Electron Micr Tech 8, 263 (Mar, 1988).
- R. P. Robertazzi, R. A. Buhrman, Nbn Josephson Tunnel-Junctions for Terahertz Local Oscillators. Appl Phys Lett 53, 2441 (Dec 12, 1988).
- K. S. Ralls, R. A. Buhrman, Defect Interactions and Noise in Metallic Nanoconstrictions. Phys Rev Lett 60, 2434 (Jun 6, 1988).
- S. A. Nelson, H. D. Hallen, R. A. Buhrman, A Structural and Electrical Comparison of Thin Sio2-Films Grown on Silicon by Plasma Anodization and Rapid Thermal-Processing to Furnace Oxidation. J Appl Phys 63, 5027 (May 15, 1988).
- K. R. Farmer, R. Saletti, R. A. Buhrman, Current Fluctuations and Silicon-Oxide Wear-out in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Tunnel-Diodes. Appl Phys Lett 52, 1749 (May 16, 1988).
- D. R. Dykaar, R. Sobolewski, J. M. Chwalek, J. F. Whitaker, T. Y. Hsiang, G. A. Mourou, D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, High-Frequency Characterization of Thin-Film Y-Ba-Cu Oxide Superconducting Transmission-Lines. Appl Phys Lett 52, 1444 (Apr 25, 1988).
- P. E. Sulewski, A. J. Sievers, S. E. Russek, H. D. Hallen, D. K. Lathrop, R. A. Buhrman, Measurement of the Superconducting Energy-Gap in La-Ba-Cu Oxide and La-Sr-Cu Oxide. Phys Rev B 35, 5330 (Apr 1, 1987).
- P. E. Sulewski, A. J. Sievers, R. A. Buhrman, J. M. Tarascon, L. H. Greene, W. A. Curtin, Far-Infrared Measurement of Alpha-2(Omega)F(Omega) in Superconducting La1.84sr0.16cuo4-Y. Phys Rev B 35, 8829 (Jun 1, 1987).
- P. E. Sulewski, T. W. Noh, J. T. Mcwhirter, A. J. Sievers, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, C. S. Jee, J. E. Crow, R. E. Salomon, G. Myer, Free-Carrier Relaxation Dynamics in the Normal State of Sintered Yba2cu3o7-Y. Phys Rev B 36, 2357 (Aug 1, 1987).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, W. J. Gallagher, S. I. Raider, A. W. Kleinsasser, R. L. Sandstrom, Electron Trap States and Low-Frequency Noise in Tunnel-Junctions. Ieee T Magn 23, 1658 (Mar, 1987).
- R. P. Robertazzi, B. D. Hunt, R. A. Buhrman, Coupled Tunnel Junction Experiments at the Gap Frequency. Ieee T Magn 23, 1271 (Mar, 1987).
- G. A. Nyberg, R. A. Buhrman, High Optical Contrast in Vo2 Thin-Films Due to Improved Stoichiometry. Thin Solid Films 147, 111 (Mar 2, 1987).
- S. A. Nelson, R. A. Buhrman, Thin Silicon-Oxides Grown by Low-Temperature Rf Plasma Anodization and Deposition. Appl Phys Lett 50, 1095 (Apr 20, 1987).
- D. K. Lathrop, S. E. Russek, R. A. Buhrman, Production of Yba2cu3o7-Y Superconducting Thin-Films Insitu by High-Pressure Reactive Evaporation and Rapid Thermal Annealing. Appl Phys Lett 51, 1554 (Nov 9, 1987).
- K. R. Farmer, C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, Localized-State Interactions in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Tunnel-Diodes. Phys Rev Lett 58, 2255 (May 25, 1987).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, H. Kroger, L. N. Smith, Characterization of Individual Electron Traps in Amorphous Si by Telegraph Noise Spectroscopy. Appl Phys Lett 49, 1107 (Oct 27, 1986).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, Discrete Lorentzian Structure in Low-Frequency Voltage Noise Spectra of Very Small Area Josephson Tunnel-Junctions. Ieee T Magn 21, 126 (1985).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, Nature of Single-Localized-Electron States Derived from Tunneling Measurements. Phys Rev Lett 55, 859 (1985).
- B. D. Hunt, R. P. Robertazzi, R. A. Buhrman, Gap Suppression Devices. Ieee T Magn 21, 717 (1985).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, Composition of 1/F Noise in Metal-Insulator-Metal Tunnel-Junctions. Phys Rev Lett 53, 1272 (1984).
- G. A. Nyberg, R. A. Buhrman, Preparation and Optical-Properties of Reactively Evaporated Vo2 Thin-Films. J Vac Sci Technol A 2, 301 (1984).
- R. A. Buhrman, Superconductor Microstructures. Physica B & C 126, 62 (1984).
- C. T. Rogers, R. A. Buhrman, Conductance Fluctuations and Low-Frequency Noise in Josephson-Junctions. Ieee T Magn 19, 453 (1983).
- M. A. Peshkin, R. A. Buhrman, Non-Equilibrium Effects and Subgap Structure in Superconducting Contacts. Phys Rev B 28, 161 (1983).
- B. D. Hunt, R. A. Buhrman, 3 Terminal, Non-Equilibrium Quasiparticle Device Experiments with Sub-Micron Tunnel-Junctions. Ieee T Magn 19, 1155 (1983).
- U. J. Gibson, R. A. Buhrman, Optical-Response of Cermet Composite Films in the Microstructural Transition Region. Phys Rev B 27, 5046 (1983).
- G. A. Nyberg, H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, Surface-Roughness and Thermal-Stability of Graded Cermet Photothermal Absorber Coatings with Very High Absorptivities. Thin Solid Films 96, 185 (1982).
- G. A. Nyberg, H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, Roughened, Graded-Index, Cermet Photothermal Absorbers with Very High Absorptivities. P Soc Photo-Opt Inst 324, 117 (1982).
- G. A. Nyberg, R. A. Buhrman, Macroscopic Surface-Roughness in Metal-Dielectric Composite Films – Photothermal Absorber Applications. Appl Phys Lett 40, 129 (1982).
- U. J. Gibson, H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, Topological Considerations in the Optical-Properties of Granular Composite Films. Phys Rev B 25, 1449 (1982).
- A. C. Callegari, R. A. Buhrman, Millimeter Wave Mixing with Sub-Micron Area Nb Tunnel-Junctions. J Appl Phys 53, 823 (1982).
- C. M. Bastuscheck, R. A. Buhrman, J. D. Kulick, J. C. Scott, Filamentary Superconducting Normal-Metal Composites. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 81, 873 (1982).
- J. V. Mantese, W. I. Goldburg, D. H. Darling, H. G. Craighead, U. J. Gibson, R. A. Buhrman, W. W. Webb, Excess Low-Frequency Conduction Noise in a Granular Composite. Solid State Commun 37, 353 (1981).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, B. D. Hunt, A. C. Callegari, C. Rogers, R. Tiberio, R. A. Buhrman, Sub-Micron Niobium Tunnel-Junctions with Reactive Ion-Beam Oxidation. IEEE T Magn 17, 307 (1981).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Niobium Josephson-Junctions with Reactive Ion-Beam Oxidation. B Am Phys Soc 26, 308 (1981).
- B. D. Hunt, R. A. Buhrman, A Multilayer, High-Resolution, Ion-Bombardment-Tolerant Electron Resist System. J Vac Sci Technol 19, 1308 (1981).
- T. T. Foxe, B. D. Hunt, C. Rogers, A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Reactive Ion Etching of Niobium. J Vac Sci Technol 19, 1394 (1981).
- H. G. Craighead, R. E. Howard, J. E. Sweeney, R. A. Buhrman, Graded-Index Pt-Al2o3 Composite Solar Absorbers. Appl Phys Lett 39, 29 (1981).
- J. C. Brown, R. A. Buhrman, Thin-Film Point Contact Josephson-Junctions. B Am Phys Soc 26, 308 (1981).
- C. M. Bastuscheck, R. A. Buhrman, J. C. Scott, Magnetic-Behavior of a Superconductor-Normal-Conductor Composite (Sn)X. Phys Rev B 24, 6707 (1981).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Niobium Josephson-Junctions with Reactive Ion-Beam Oxidation. B Am Phys Soc 25, 197 (1980).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Fabrication of Josephson Tunnel-Junctions by Reactive Ion Milling. J Electrochem Soc 127, C109 (1980).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Preparation and Application of Ultrathin Oxide Barriers in a Thin-Film Edge-Geometry. J Electrochem Soc 127, C375 (1980).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, High-Quality Sub-Micron Niobium Tunnel-Junctions with Reactive-Ion-Beam Oxidation. Appl Phys Lett 37, 841 (1980).
- H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, A. J. Sievers, Evaporated Cermet Films as Solar Selective Photothermal Absorbers. Am Ceram Soc Bull 59, 329 (1980).
- C. M. Bastuscheck, R. A. Buhrman, J. D. Kulick, J. C. Scott, Superconductivity in Niobium Triselenide. Solid State Commun 36, 983 (1980).
- J. W. Warlaumont, J. C. Brown, T. Foxe, R. A. Buhrman, Microwave Enhancement of the Proximity Effect in Sns Micro-Tunnel Junctions. B Am Phys Soc 24, 330 (1979).
- J. M. Warlaumont, R. A. Buhrman, Planar Sns Microbridges. Ieee T Magn 15, 570 (1979).
- J. M. Warlaumont, J. C. Brown, T. Foxe, R. A. Buhrman, Microwave-Enhanced Proximity Effect in Superconductor-Normal-Metal-Superconductor Micro-Junctions. Phys Rev Lett 43, 169 (1979).
- J. Warlaumont, J. C. Brown, R. A. Buhrman, Response-Times and Low-Voltage Behavior of Sns Microbridges. Appl Phys Lett 34, 415 (1979).
- H. G. Craighead, R. Bartynski, R. A. Buhrman, L. Wojcik, A. J. Sievers, Metal-Insulator Composite Selective Absorbers. Sol Energ Mater 1, 105 (1979).
- C. M. Bastuscheck, R. A. Buhrman, J. C. Scott, Superconducting Diamagnetism of Tase3. B Am Phys Soc 24, 387 (1979).
- J. M. Warlaumont, R. A. Buhrman, Properties of SNS Planar Microbridges. B Am Phys Soc 23, 264 (1978).
- A. W. Kleinsasser, R. A. Buhrman, Zero and 3 Dimensional Behavior in Superconducting Granular Aluminum. B Am Phys Soc 23, 358 (1978).
- H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, A. J. Sievers, Cermet Films as Solar Selective Absorbers. Thin Solid Films 54, 171 (1978).
- H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, Optical-Properties of Selectively Absorbing Metal-Insulator Composite Films. J Vac Sci Technol 15, 269 (1978).
- R. A. Buhrman, Optical and Structural-Properties of Composite-Materials. B Am Phys Soc 23, 296 (1978).
- C. M. Bastuscheck, R. A. Buhrman, H. Temkin, J. C. Scott, Dc Magnetic-Susceptibility of (SN)x. B Am Phys Soc 23, 305 (1978).
- J. T. C. Yeh, R. A. Buhrman, Capacitively Shunted Variable-Thickness Microbridges. Appl Phys Lett 31, 362 (1977).
- J. T. C. Yeh, R. A. Buhrman, Superconducting Lead Variable-Thickness Microbridges. J Appl Phys 48, 5360 (1977).
- H. G. Craighead, R. A. Buhrman, Optical-Properties of Selectively Absorbing Ni-Al2o3 Composite Films. Appl Phys Lett 31, 423 (1977).
- R. A. Buhrman, L. D. Jackel, Performance-Factors in Rf Squids – High-Frequency Limit. IEEE T Magn 13, 879 (1977).
- L. D. Jackel, J. M. Warlaumont, T. D. Clark, J. C. Brown, R. A. Buhrman, M. T. Levinsen, Superconducting Weak-Link Current-Phase Relations. Appl Phys Lett 28, 353 (1976).
- L. D. Jackel, W. H. Henkels, J. M. Warlaumont, R. A. Buhrman, Current-Phase Relations as Determinants of Thin-Film Weak-Link Iv Characteristics. B Am Phys Soc 21, 339 (1976).
- L. D. Jackel, W. H. Henkels, J. M. Warlaumont, R. A. Buhrman, Current-Phase Relations as Determinants of Superconducting Thin-Film Weak-Link I-V Characteristics. Appl Phys Lett 29, 214 (1976).
- C. G. Granqvist, R. A. Buhrman, J. Wyns, A. J. Sievers, Far-Infrared Absorption in Ultrafine Al Particles. Phys Rev Lett 37, 625 (1976).
- C. G. Granqvist, R. A. Buhrman, Log-Normal Size Distributions of Ultrafine Metal Particles. Solid State Commun 18, 123 (1976).
- C. G. Granqvist, R. A. Buhrman, Ultrafine Metal Particles. J Appl Phys 47, 2200 (1976).
- C. G. Granqvist, R. A. Buhrman, Size Distributions for Supported Metal-Catalysts – Coalescence Growth Versus Ostwald Ripening. J Catal 42, 477 (1976).
- R. A. Buhrman, C. G. Granqvist, Log-Normal Size Distributions from Magnetization Measurements on Small Superconducting Al Particles. J Appl Phys 47, 2220 (1976).
- R. A. Buhrman, C. G. Granqvist, Size Distributions of Ultrafine Particles. B Am Phys Soc 21, 229 (1976).
- J. M. Warlaumont, L. D. Jackel, J. C. Brown, T. D. Clark, R. A. Buhrman, Current-Phase Relations in Superconducting Weak Link Structures. B Am Phys Soc 20, 333 (1975).
- D. B. Tanner, A. J. Sievers, R. A. Buhrman, Far-Infrared Absorption in Small Metallic Particles. Phys Rev B 11, 1330 (1975).
- L. D. Jackel, T. D. Clark, R. A. Buhrman, Current-Phase Relations and Noise in Rf Biased Squids. IEEE T Magn Ma11, 732 (1975).
- L. D. Jackel, T. D. Clark, R. A. Buhrman, Length Effects in Current-Phase Relation of Superconducting Microbridges. B Am Phys Soc 20, 333 (1975).
- L. D. Jackel, R. A. Buhrman, Noise in the RF Squid. J Low Temp Phys 19, 201 (1975).
- C. G. Granqvist, G. J. Milanowski, R. A. Buhrman, A15-Type Structure of Chromium Films and Particles. Phys Lett A 54, 245 (1975).
- C. G. Granqvist, R. A. Buhrman, Statistical-Model for Coalescence of Islands in Discontinuous Films. Appl Phys Lett 27, 693 (1975).
- L. D. Jackel, R. A. Buhrman, W. W. Webb, Direct Measurement of Current-Phase Relations in Superconducting Weak Links. Phys Rev B 10, 2782 (1974).
- L. D. Jackel, R. A. Buhrman, W. W. Webb, Direct Measurement of Current-Phase Relation of Superconducting Weak Links. B Am Phys Soc 19, 205 (1974).
- W. P. Halperin, C. N. Archie, F.B. Rasmussen, R. A. Buhrman, R. C. Richardson, Observation of Nuclear Magnetic Order in Solid He-3. Phys Rev Lett 32, 927 (1974).
- R. A. Buhrman, J. E. Lukens, L. D. Jackel, S. F. Strait, J. M. Warlaumont, W. W. Webb, Squid Techniques .1. Obtaining Reliability in Point-Contact SQUIDs. J Appl Phys 45, 4045 (1974).
- R. A. Buhrman, W. P. Halperin, Elimination of Supercooling in Superconductors by Proximity Effect – New Bounds on Tc for Mg, Ag, and Au. J Low Temp Phys 16, 409 (1974).
- W. P. Halperin, R. A. Buhrman, R.C. Richardson, Study of B-Phase Transition in Liquid 3-He. B Am Phys Soc 18, 642 (1973).
- W. P. Halperin, R. A. Buhrman, D. M. Lee, R.C. Richardson, First-Order Character of B-Transition in Liquid He-3. Phys Lett A A 45, 233 (1973).
- R. A. Buhrman, W. P. Halperin, Fluctuation Diamagnetism in a Zero-Dimensional Superconductor. Phys Rev Lett 30, 692 (1973).
- J. F. Kelly, R.C. Richardson, W. P. Halperin, R. A. Buhrman, Nuclear Relaxation of Liquid He-3 in a Constrained Geometry. B Am Phys Soc 17, 518 (1972).
- R. A. Buhrman, S. F. Strait, W. W. Webb, Stable Superconducting Point-Contact Weak Links. J Appl Phys 42, 4527 (1971).
- R. A. Buhrman, J. E. Lukens, S. F. Strait, W. W. Webb, Weak Link Point Contact Devices. J Appl Phys 42, 45 (1971).